The private sector continues to drive technical innovation, including in areas crucial to national security. However, in an era of significant geopolitical turbulence, governments retain a vital role. The borderless nature of the internet is frequently exploited by malicious actors, challenging established norms of behaviour. In this session, Karoliina Ainge, former Head of Estonia’s Cybersecurity Policy, will outline the key initiatives being advanced by the UN and governments to strengthen global cybersecurity.